The system cuts tariffs and value-added taxes, streamlines customs clearance and ensures a steady raw material supply. This means procurement costs are significantly lower than elsewhere. "The same quality Russian grains save 500 to 1,000 yuan per metric ton," Yang said. "It reduces production expenses and operational costs."

Local residents also share in the profits along with the enterprises under this model, creating a direct benefit for the community.

Imported Russian grains and potash have become a cornerstone of Manzhouli's processing industry.

"Since Manzhouli was designated an official import port for agricultural products in 2013, we now handle 12 crop types, including rapeseed, barley, wheat and soybeans," said Chen Rui, deputy director of the city's bureau of industry, information and technology. "Five processing enterprises operate here, with a combined annual capacity exceeding 1.35 million tons."

Manzhouli is also emerging as a cross-border tourism hub. In the first four months of the year, 7,723 visitors arrived, mostly for shopping. Some use the city as a transit point for the seaside resorts of Beidaihe or Qinhuangdao in Hebei province.

"Cross-border study tours are growing, too. Russian students visit for day trips or longer stays to experience life in a Chinese border city," said Huang Wei from the Manzhouli tourism bureau.

Contact the writers at liuboqian@chinadaily.com.cn